A compartmentation survey is a detailed assessment of a building's fire safety measures, specifically focusing on how well the building is divided into compartments to prevent the spread of fire and smoke. These surveys evaluate the integrity of fire-resistant barriers like walls, floors, and ceilings, as well as fire doors and seals around service penetrations. The goal is to ensure that the building's compartmentation is adequate to contain a fire, allowing for safe evacuation and potentially limiting property damage.